Cleaned up
Dead trees are less common today and fires are quickly put out. Therefore, the spruce has increased, while great pines are rare – a threat against the eagle.
Old spruce forests
Untouched forests develop into spruce forests on moist ground. Centuries pass between the fires, and the oldest trees are almost 400 years old.
The valley of shade
The old spruce forest is dense, shady, and has a high, steady humidity. It stands unaltered for long periods. Trees are covered by beard lichen. They are sensitive to desiccation and spread only slowly. The humid, constant environment is a prerequisite for their survival.
